math

math

Module Docs

This module is always available.  It provides access to the
mathematical functions defined by the C standard.

Functions

acos(...)

acos(x)

Return the arc cosine (measured in radians) of x.

acosh(...)

acosh(x)

Return the inverse hyperbolic cosine of x.

asin(...)

asin(x)

Return the arc sine (measured in radians) of x.

asinh(...)

asinh(x)

Return the inverse hyperbolic sine of x.

atan(...)

atan(x)

Return the arc tangent (measured in radians) of x.

atan2(...)

atan2(y, x)

Return the arc tangent (measured in radians) of y/x.
Unlike atan(y/x), the signs of both x and y are considered.

atanh(...)

atanh(x)

Return the inverse hyperbolic tangent of x.

ceil(...)

ceil(x)

Return the ceiling of x as a float.
This is the smallest integral value >= x.

copysign(...)

copysign(x, y)

Return x with the sign of y.

cos(...)

cos(x)

Return the cosine of x (measured in radians).

cosh(...)

cosh(x)

Return the hyperbolic cosine of x.

degrees(...)

degrees(x)

Convert angle x from radians to degrees.

erf(...)

erf(x)

Error function at x.

erfc(...)

erfc(x)

Complementary error function at x.

exp(...)

exp(x)

Return e raised to the power of x.

expm1(...)

expm1(x)

Return exp(x)-1.
This function avoids the loss of precision involved in the direct evaluation of exp(x)-1 for small x.

fabs(...)

fabs(x)

Return the absolute value of the float x.

factorial(...)

factorial(x) -> Integral

Find x!. Raise a ValueError if x is negative or non-integral.

floor(...)

floor(x)

Return the floor of x as a float.
This is the largest integral value <= x.

fmod(...)

fmod(x, y)

Return fmod(x, y), according to platform C.  x % y may differ.

frexp(...)

frexp(x)

Return the mantissa and exponent of x, as pair (m, e).
m is a float and e is an int, such that x = m * 2.**e.
If x is 0, m and e are both 0.  Else 0.5 <= abs(m) < 1.0.

fsum(...)

fsum(iterable)

Return an accurate floating point sum of values in the iterable.
Assumes IEEE-754 floating point arithmetic.

gamma(...)

gamma(x)

Gamma function at x.

hypot(...)

hypot(x, y)

Return the Euclidean distance, sqrt(x*x + y*y).

isinf(...)

isinf(x) -> bool

Check if float x is infinite (positive or negative).

isnan(...)

isnan(x) -> bool

Check if float x is not a number (NaN).

ldexp(...)

ldexp(x, i)

Return x * (2**i).

lgamma(...)

lgamma(x)

Natural logarithm of absolute value of Gamma function at x.

log(...)

log(x[, base])

Return the logarithm of x to the given base.
If the base not specified, returns the natural logarithm (base e) of x.

log10(...)

log10(x)

Return the base 10 logarithm of x.

log1p(...)

log1p(x)

Return the natural logarithm of 1+x (base e).
The result is computed in a way which is accurate for x near zero.

modf(...)

modf(x)

Return the fractional and integer parts of x.  Both results carry the sign
of x and are floats.

pow(...)

pow(x, y)

Return x**y (x to the power of y).

radians(...)

radians(x)

Convert angle x from degrees to radians.

sin(...)

sin(x)

Return the sine of x (measured in radians).

sinh(...)

sinh(x)

Return the hyperbolic sine of x.

sqrt(...)

sqrt(x)

Return the square root of x.

tan(...)

tan(x)

Return the tangent of x (measured in radians).

tanh(...)

tanh(x)

Return the hyperbolic tangent of x.

trunc(...)

trunc(x:Real) -> Integral

Truncates x to the nearest Integral toward 0. Uses the __trunc__ magic method.

acos

typerig.core.func.math.acos = acos(...)

acos(x)

Return the arc cosine (measured in radians) of x.

acosh

typerig.core.func.math.acosh = acosh(...)

acosh(x)

Return the inverse hyperbolic cosine of x.

asin

typerig.core.func.math.asin = asin(...)

asin(x)

Return the arc sine (measured in radians) of x.

asinh

typerig.core.func.math.asinh = asinh(...)

asinh(x)

Return the inverse hyperbolic sine of x.

atan

typerig.core.func.math.atan = atan(...)

atan(x)

Return the arc tangent (measured in radians) of x.

atan2

typerig.core.func.math.atan2 = atan2(...)

atan2(y, x)

Return the arc tangent (measured in radians) of y/x.
Unlike atan(y/x), the signs of both x and y are considered.

atanh

typerig.core.func.math.atanh = atanh(...)

atanh(x)

Return the inverse hyperbolic tangent of x.

ceil

typerig.core.func.math.ceil = ceil(...)

ceil(x)

Return the ceiling of x as a float.
This is the smallest integral value >= x.

copysign

typerig.core.func.math.copysign = copysign(...)

copysign(x, y)

Return x with the sign of y.

cos

typerig.core.func.math.cos = cos(...)

cos(x)

Return the cosine of x (measured in radians).

cosh

typerig.core.func.math.cosh = cosh(...)

cosh(x)

Return the hyperbolic cosine of x.

degrees

typerig.core.func.math.degrees = degrees(...)

degrees(x)

Convert angle x from radians to degrees.

erf

typerig.core.func.math.erf = erf(...)

erf(x)

Error function at x.

erfc

typerig.core.func.math.erfc = erfc(...)

erfc(x)

Complementary error function at x.

exp

typerig.core.func.math.exp = exp(...)

exp(x)

Return e raised to the power of x.

expm1

typerig.core.func.math.expm1 = expm1(...)

expm1(x)

Return exp(x)-1.
This function avoids the loss of precision involved in the direct evaluation of exp(x)-1 for small x.

fabs

typerig.core.func.math.fabs = fabs(...)

fabs(x)

Return the absolute value of the float x.

factorial

typerig.core.func.math.factorial = factorial(...)

factorial(x) -> Integral

Find x!. Raise a ValueError if x is negative or non-integral.

floor

typerig.core.func.math.floor = floor(...)

floor(x)

Return the floor of x as a float.
This is the largest integral value <= x.

fmod

typerig.core.func.math.fmod = fmod(...)

fmod(x, y)

Return fmod(x, y), according to platform C.  x % y may differ.

frexp

typerig.core.func.math.frexp = frexp(...)

frexp(x)

Return the mantissa and exponent of x, as pair (m, e).
m is a float and e is an int, such that x = m * 2.**e.
If x is 0, m and e are both 0.  Else 0.5 <= abs(m) < 1.0.

fsum

typerig.core.func.math.fsum = fsum(...)

fsum(iterable)

Return an accurate floating point sum of values in the iterable.
Assumes IEEE-754 floating point arithmetic.

gamma

typerig.core.func.math.gamma = gamma(...)

gamma(x)

Gamma function at x.

hypot

typerig.core.func.math.hypot = hypot(...)

hypot(x, y)

Return the Euclidean distance, sqrt(x*x + y*y).

isinf

typerig.core.func.math.isinf = isinf(...)

isinf(x) -> bool

Check if float x is infinite (positive or negative).

isnan

typerig.core.func.math.isnan = isnan(...)

isnan(x) -> bool

Check if float x is not a number (NaN).

ldexp

typerig.core.func.math.ldexp = ldexp(...)

ldexp(x, i)

Return x * (2**i).

lgamma

typerig.core.func.math.lgamma = lgamma(...)

lgamma(x)

Natural logarithm of absolute value of Gamma function at x.

log

typerig.core.func.math.log = log(...)

log(x[, base])

Return the logarithm of x to the given base.
If the base not specified, returns the natural logarithm (base e) of x.

log10

typerig.core.func.math.log10 = log10(...)

log10(x)

Return the base 10 logarithm of x.

log1p

typerig.core.func.math.log1p = log1p(...)

log1p(x)

Return the natural logarithm of 1+x (base e).
The result is computed in a way which is accurate for x near zero.

modf

typerig.core.func.math.modf = modf(...)

modf(x)

Return the fractional and integer parts of x.  Both results carry the sign
of x and are floats.

pow

typerig.core.func.math.pow = pow(...)

pow(x, y)

Return x**y (x to the power of y).

radians

typerig.core.func.math.radians = radians(...)

radians(x)

Convert angle x from degrees to radians.

sin

typerig.core.func.math.sin = sin(...)

sin(x)

Return the sine of x (measured in radians).

sinh

typerig.core.func.math.sinh = sinh(...)

sinh(x)

Return the hyperbolic sine of x.

sqrt

typerig.core.func.math.sqrt = sqrt(...)

sqrt(x)

Return the square root of x.

tan

typerig.core.func.math.tan = tan(...)

tan(x)

Return the tangent of x (measured in radians).

tanh

typerig.core.func.math.tanh = tanh(...)

tanh(x)

Return the hyperbolic tangent of x.

trunc

typerig.core.func.math.trunc = trunc(...)

trunc(x:Real) -> Integral

Truncates x to the nearest Integral toward 0. Uses the __trunc__ magic method.